英语演讲与中国大学生人才培养(英文)English Public Speaking and the Cultivation of Talents for Chinese College Students
Stephen E.LUCAS
Stephen E.LUCAS University of Wisconsin
摘要(Abstract):
本文探讨了中国高等院校英语演讲课的成长过程中的一些重要议题与最新发展。英语演讲课的开设最初是基于多项全国性英语演讲赛事的需求,现在已经因其自身在当今全球化世界中的价值而成为正向开设的课程。英语演讲以英语为工作语言,不仅能够在口语交际方面,也能在写作、听力、批判性思维、跨文化交际能力以及整体英语水平等方面提高演讲人的核心技能和能力。演讲根植于西方修辞学,但已被中国教师和学生创造性地加以改造并本地化。
This essay explores key issues and developments in the growth of English public speaking as a course in Chinese higher education.Growing initially out of interest generated by national speech competitions,English public speaking has become a sought-after subject because of its value in today's globalized world.Focusing on English as a working language,it strengthens core skills and competencies not just in oral communication,but also in writing,listening, critical thinking,intercultural communicative competence,and overall English proficiency. Grounded in the Western discipline of rhetoric,it is being localized in China through creative adaptation by teachers and students alike.
关键词(KeyWords):
英语演讲;修辞;英语学习;中国大学生;本地化
English public speaking;rhetoric;English-language learning;Chinese college students;localization
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author):
Stephen E.LUCAS
Stephen E.LUCAS University of Wisconsin
参考文献(References):
- Adams,J.,& Hirsch,M.2007.English for everyone.Newsweek(International ed.).August 20/ August 27.
- Alptekin,C.2002.Towards intercultural communicative competence.ELT Journal,56(1),57-64.
- AMA Critical Skills Survey:Workers Need Higher Level Skills to Succeed in the 21st Century.2011. New York:American Management Association.
- Aristotle.1954.Rhetoric(W.R.Roberts trans.).New York:Modern Library.
- Behnke,R.R.,& Sawyer,C.R.2004.Public speaking anxiety as a function of sensitization and habituation.Communication Education,52(2),164-173
- Bodie,G.D.2010.A racing heart,rattling knees,and ruminative thoughts:Defining,explaining, and treating public speaking anxiety.Communication Education,59(1),70-105.
- Browne,M.N.,& Stuart,M.K.2010.Asking the Right Questions:A Guide to Critical Thinking(9th ed.).Upper Saddle River:Prentice Hall.
- Byram,M.1997.Teaching and Assessing Intercultural Communicative Competence.Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
- Byram,M.2008.From Foreign Language Education to Education for Intercultural Citizenship:Essays and Reflections.Clevedon:Multilingual Matters.
- Chang,J.2006.Globalization and English in Chinese higher education.World Englishes,25(3-4), 513-525.
- Cicero,M.T.1942.De Oratore,Vol.I.(E.W.Sutton trans.).Cambridge:Harvard University Press.
- Corbett,J.2003.An Intercultural Approach to English Language Teaching.Clevedon:Multilingual Matters.
- Cui,J.2012.Language course makes impression.China Daily,17 April,pp.1 & 6.
- Finn,A.N.,Sawyer,C.R.,& Schrodt,P.2009.Examining the effect of exposure therapy on public speaking state anxiety.Communication Education,58(1),92-109.
- Gallo,C.2010.Presentation Secrets of Steve Jobs.New York McGraw-Hill.
- Isaacson,W.2011.Steve Jobs.New York:Simon and Schuster.
- Kelly,L.,& Keaten,J.A.2000.Treating communication anxiety:Implications of the communibiological paradigm.Communication Education,49(1),45-57.
- Kelly,L.,& Keaten,J.A.2009.Skills training as a treatment for communication problems.In J.A. Daly,J.C.McCroskey,J.Ayres,T.Hopf,D.M.A.Sonandre,& K.W.Tanichya(eds.),Avoiding Communication:Shyness,Reticence,and Communication Apprehension(3rd ed.).Cresskill: Hampton Press.293-326.
- Lucas,S.E.,& Medhurst,M.J.2009.Words of a Century:The Top 100 American Speeches,1900- 1999.New York:Oxford University Press.
- Lucas,S.E.2010.The Art of Public Speaking,Tenth Edition,Specially Adapted for Chinese Readers. Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
- Lucas,S.E.2011.English public speaking in China:A research agenda.Keynote address at the Second National Symposium on English Public Speaking.Beijing,December.
- Lucas,S.E.2012.The Art of Public Speaking(11th ed.).New York:McGraw-Hill.
- McCroskey,J.C.1970.Measures of communication-bound anxiety.Speech Monographs,37(4), 269-277.
- McCroskey,J.C.1977.Oral communication apprehension:A summary of recent theory and research.Human Communication Research,4(1),78-96.
- McCroskey,J.C.1982.Oral communication apprehension:A reconceptualization.In M.Burgoon (ed.),Communication Yearbook 6.Beverly Hills.136-170.
- McCroskey,J.C.2006.An Introduction to Rhetorical Communication(9th ed.).Boston:Pearson.
- McCroskey,J.C.2009.Self-report measurement.In J.A.Daly,J.C.McCroskey,J.Ayres,T.Hopf,D. M.A.Sonandre,& K.W.Tanichya(eds.),Avoiding Communication:Shyness,Reticence,and Communication Apprehension(3rd ed.).Cresskill:Hampton Press.171-192.
- McCroskey,J.C.,Beatty,M.J.,Kearney,P.,& Plax,T.G.1985.The content validity of the PRCA-24 as a measure of communication apprehension across communication contexts. Communication Quarterly,33(3),165-173.
- Pang,J.,Zhou,X.,&Fu Z.2002.English for international trade:China enters the WTO.World Englishes,21(2),201-216.
- Quintilian.1920-1922.Institutio Oratoria,4 vols.(H.E.Butler trans.).London:William Heinemann.
- Raising the Bar:Employers' Views on College Learning in the Wake of the Economic Downturn.2010. Washington,D.C.:Hart Research Associates.
- Ren,W.2011.Teaching critical thinking skills in the English public speaking course.Keynote address at the Second National Symposium on English Public Speaking.Beijing,December.
- Rubin,R.,Rubin,A.,& Jordan F. 1997.Effects of instruction on communication apprehension and communication competence.Communication Education,46(2),104-114.
- Ruscio,A.M.,Brown,T.A.,Chiu,W.T.,Sareen,J.,Steain,M.B.,& Kessler,R.C.2008.Social fears and social phobia in the USA:Results from the national comorbidity survey replication. Psychological Medicine,38(1),15-28.
- Sawyer,C.R.,& Behnke,R.R.2002.Reduction in public speaking state anxiety during performance as a function of sensitization processes.Communication Quarterly,50(1),110-121.
- Sercu,L.2002.Autonomous learning and the acquisition of intercultural communicative competence:Some implications for course development.Language,Culture and Curriculum, 15(1),61-74.
- Vaughn,L.2010.The Power of Critical Thinking(3rd ed.).New York:Oxford University Press.
- Wang,W.,&Gao,X.2008.English language education in China:A review of selected research. Journal of Multilingual & Multicultural Development,29(5),380-399.
- You,X.2010.Writing in the Devil's Tongue:A History of English Composition in China.Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.